تأثیر نوع مشارکت ورزشی بر کارکردهای اجرایی داغ و سرد: تأکید بر نیازهای ادراکی محیط
مطالعات روانشناسی ورزشی
دوره 13، شماره 48 ، تیر 1403، صفحه 39-54 اصل مقاله (689.87 K )
نوع مقاله: مطالعه پژوهشی اصیل
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22089/spsyj.2024.14137.2368
نویسندگان
محمدهادی امین 1 ؛ حسین صمدی* 2 ؛ حمیدرضا فلاح 3
1 دانشگاه یزد
2 گروه رفتار حرکتی، گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزش، دانشگاه یزد
3 دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه یزد
چکیده
پژوهشهای اخیر نشان داده است انواع خاصی از ورزشها به سبب ماهیت پردازشی خود ممکن است اثر متفاوتی بر کارکردهای شناختی مختلف و فرآیندهای عصبی بگذارند. هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی تأثیر تجربه تمرینِ مهارتهای ورزشی بر کارکردهای اجرایی سرد و داغ با تأکید بر نیازهای ادراکی محیط بود. پژوهش حاضر از نوع علی- مقایسهای و به لحاظ هدف از نوع کاربردی بود. نمونه آماری پژوهش را 166 نفر از جوانان و نوجوانان 18 تا 30 سال تشکیل دادند که به روش در دسترس انتخاب شدند. شرکت کنندگان شامل سه گروه افراد با تجربه انجام مهارتهای باز، بسته و افراد کمتحرک بودند. آزمودنیها با استفاده از آزمونهای شناختی حافظه کاری انبک و برد و باخت آیوا مورد آزمون قرار گرفتند. دادههای پژوهش با استفاده از آزمون آماری تحلیل واریانس یکسویه مورد آزمون قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که افراد با تجربه تمرین مهارتهای باز و بسته در میانگین تعداد پاسخهای صحیح آزمون حافظه کاری، نسبت به افراد کمتحرک اجرای بهتری داشتهاند (05/0≥p)، اما بین گروه باز و بسته تفاوت معناداری وجود نداشت. همچنین در امتیاز کل کسب شده در آزمون برد و باخت آیوا، بین افراد با تجربه تمرین مهارتهای باز و بسته و افراد کم تحرک تفاوت معناداری دیده نشد (05/0≤p). با توجه به این که تجربه انجام مهارتهای باز و بسته بر کارکردهای اجرایی سرد تأثیر معناداری دارد، میتوان از این تمرینات برای بهبود حافظه کاری استفاده نمود.
کلیدواژهها
کارکردهای اجرایی ؛ داغ و سرد ؛ تصمیمگیری ؛ شناخت ؛ مهارتهای باز و بسته
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