فراتحلیل مطالعات عوامل و موانع مؤثر بر حمایت از ورزش در ایران
مطالعات مدیریت ورزشی
مقاله 7 ، دوره 13، شماره 69 ، آذر و دی 1400، صفحه 214-246 اصل مقاله (668.73 K )
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22089/smrj.2021.10067.3311
نویسندگان
وحید اکملی 1 ؛ محمد نصیری* 2
1 کارشناسیارشد مدیریت ورزشی، گروه تربیتبدنی، واحد خوی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، خوی، ایران
2 استادیار مدیریت ورزشی، گروه تربیتبدنی، واحد خوی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، خوی، ایران
چکیده
پژوهش حاضر با هدف فراتحلیل عوامل و موانع مؤثر بر حمایت از ورزش انجام شد. روش پژوهش از نوع فراتحلیل بود. جامعۀ آماری همۀ منابع علمی گزارششده در زمینۀ بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر حمایت از سرمایهگذاری در ورزش در بازۀ زمانی 1385 تا 1399 بود. تعداد 10 پژوهش که ملاکهای ورود به فراتحلیل را داشتند، بهعنوان نمونۀ پژوهش انتخاب شدند. شصتوهشت عامل از پژوهشهای نمونۀ مطالعۀ حاضر استخراج شدند. سپس در هشت طبقۀ عمده شامل عوامل رسانه، فروش-مشتری-رقابت، اقتصادی، اجتماعی-فرهنگی، مدیریتی، تبلیغاتی، ساختاری و سایر عوامل دستهبندی شدند و در فرایند فراتحلیل وارد شدند. شاخص D کوهن بهعنوان شاخص اندازۀ اثر تعیین شد. برای بررسی وجود سوگیری انتشار از روش نمودار قیفی و آزمون ایمن از خطای اروین استـفاده شد و نتیـجۀ هر دو روش نشاندهندۀ نبود سـوگیری انتشار بود. نتـیجۀ آزمون Q کوکران (001/0 >p ، 67 = df، 62 /1024 = Q) و مجذور I (46/93) نشاندهندۀ وجود ناهمگنی در اندازۀ اثر پژوهشها بود؛ به همین دلیل، اندازۀ اثر ترکیبی برمبنای مدل اثرات تصادفی ملاک قرار گرفت که برابر با 89/0 بود و طبق طبقهبندی کوهن، اندازۀ اثر بزرگ محسوب میشود. همچنین با توجه به ناهمگنی موجود، محاسبۀ اندازه اثر براساس زیرگروهها انجام شد و بهترتیب، عوامل مدیریتی (25/1) و عوامل اقتصادی (03/1) دارای بیشترین اندازۀ اثر بودند. مدیران ورزشی باید با توسعۀ پوشش رسانهای و امکانات مناسب تبلیغاتی، در راستای رفع موانع جذب حامیان مالی ورزشی اقدام کنند تا حامیان با اطمینان بیشتری در صنعت ورزش سرمایهگذاری کنند.
کلیدواژهها
حمایت مالی ورزشی ؛ صنعت ورزش ؛ مطالعۀ فراتحلیل ؛ موانع جذب
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