تعداد نشریات | 8 |
تعداد شمارهها | 306 |
تعداد مقالات | 3,827 |
تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 7,253,215 |
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 2,694,344 |
تأثیر گرایش کارآفرینانه و بازارگرایی بر عملکرد مالی باشگاههای ورزشی خصوصی شهر تهران | ||
مطالعات مدیریت ورزشی | ||
مقاله 10، دوره 10، شماره 49، مرداد و شهریور 1397، صفحه 205-232 اصل مقاله (558.82 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22089/smrj.2018.4686.1898 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
راضیه حاجی زاده1؛ محسن باقریان فرح آبادی* 2؛ عباس خدایاری3 | ||
1دانشجوی کارشناسیارشد مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران | ||
2استادیار مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران | ||
3دانشیار مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد کرج، کرج، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
هدف اصلی این پژوهش، تعیین تأثیر گرایش کارآفرینانه و بازارگرایی بر عملکرد مالی باشگاههای ورزشی خصوصی شهر تهران بود. در این پژوهش همبستگی (از نوع مدلیابی معادلات ساختاری)، 224 باشگاه ورزشی خصوصی با استفاده از روش تصادفی طبقهای نسبتی، ازبین 513 باشگاه شهر تهران انتخاب شدند و مدیران آن مقیاس گرایش کارآفرینانه (هاگس و مورگان، 2007) و مقیاس بازارگرایی (نارور و اسلاتر، 1990) را تکمیل کردند. دادهها با استفاده از ضریب همبستگی پیرسون و مدلیابی معادلات ساختاری در سطح اطمینان 95 درصد تحلیل شدند. براساس نتایج، ابعاد و سطح کلی گرایش کارآفرینانه (خطرپذیری، نوآوری، پیشگامی، رقابت تهاجمی، استقلال کاری) و بازارگرایی (مشتریمداری، رقیبمداری و هماهنگی میانوظیفهای)، دارای روابط دوسویة معنادار، مثبت و درحد متوسط تا قوی با عملکرد مالی باشگاههای ورزشی خصوصی هستند. گرایش کارآفرینانه بهصورت مستقیم و غیرمستقیم، از مسیر بازارگرایی اثر معنادار و مثبتی بر عملکرد مالی دارد و گرایش کارآفرینانه و بازارگرایی درمجموع 58 درصد از تغییرات عملکرد مالی را تبیین میکنند. طبق یافتهها، گرایش کارآفرینانه بهویژه گرایش به نوآوری و پیشگامی بههمراه راهبرد بازارگرایی بهویژه مشتریمداری میتواند عملکرد باشگاههای ورزشی خصوصی را ارتقا دهند. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
کارآفرینی سازمانی؛ نوآوری؛ پیشگامی؛ مشتریمداری؛ باشگاه خصوصی | ||
مراجع | ||
1. Antoncic, B., & Hisrich, R. D. (2004). Corporate entrepreneurship contingencies and organizational wealth creation. Journal of Management Development, 23(6), 518-50. 2. Asikhia, O. (2010). Customer orientation and firm performance among Nigeri-an small and medium scale businesses. International Journal of Marketing Studies, 2(1), 197-214. 3. Barrett, H., & Weinstein, A. (1998). The effects of market orientation and or-ganizational flexibility on corporate entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship: Theo-ry and Practice, 23(1), 57-67. 4. Boso, N., Story, V. M., & Cadogan, J. W. (2013). Entrepreneurial orientation, market orientation, network ties, and performance: Study of entrepreneurial firms in a developing economy. Journal of Business Venturing, 28, 708–27. 5. Brown, T. (1996). Resource orientation, entrepreneurial orientation and growth: How the perception of resource availability affects small firm growth (doctoral dissertation), Rutgers University, New Brunswick. 6. Buli, B. M. (2017). Entrepreneurial orientation, market orientation and perfor-mance of SMEs in the manufacturing industry: Evidence from ethiopian en-terprises. Management Research Review, 40(3), 292-302. 7. Chang, T. Z., & Chen, S. J. (1998). Market orientation, service quality and business profitability: A conceptual model and empirical evidence. Journal of Services Marketing, 12(4), 246-64. 8. Covin, J. G., & Slevin, D. P. (1991). A conceptual model of entrepreneurship as firm behavior. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 16, 7−24. 9. Dunlap, B. J., Dotson, M. J., & Chambers, T. M. (1988). Perceptions of real-estate brokers and buyers: A sales-orientation, customer-orientation approach. Journal of Business Research, 17, 175-87. 10. Esmaeili, M. (2014). Designing model of the relationship between market orien-tation and factors related to the future behavior of customers in recreational water sports centers. (Doctoral dissetrtation). Tarbiat Modares University, Teh-ran. (In Persian). 11. Federation of Sport for All. (2015). Participation rates in public sport activities increase by 40%. Available at: http://varzeshtafrihi.ir/index.php/113-2014-04-23-10-35-25/686-40 [Accessed 15 December 2016]. (In Persian). 12. Fox, J. M. (2005). Organizational entrepreneurship and the organizational per-formance linkage in university extension. (Doctoral dissertation). Ohio State University, Columbus. 13. Guo, C. (2002). Market orientation and business performance: A framework for service organizations. European Journal of Marketing, 36(9/10), 1154-63. 14. Han, J. K., Kim, N., & Srivastava, R. K. (1998). Market orientation and organi-zational performance: Is innovation a missing link? Journal of Marketing, 62, 30-45. 15. Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6, 1-55. 16. Hughes, M., & Morgan, R. E. (2007). Deconstructing the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and business performance at the embryonic stage of firm growth. Industrial Marketing Management, 36, 651–61. 17. Hult, G. T. M., Ketchen, D. J. & Slater, S. F. (2005). Market orientation and per-formance: An integration of disparate approaches. Strategic Management Journal, 26, 1173-81. 18. Jaworski, B.J., & Kohli, A.K. (1993). Market Orientation: Antecedents and Consequences. Journal of Marketing, 57, 53-70. 19. Kajalo, S., & Lindblom, A. (2015). Market orientation, entrepreneurial orienta-tion and business performance among small retailers. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 43(7), 580-96. 20. Kelley, S. W. (1992). Developing customer orientation among service employ-ees, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 20(1), 27-36. 21. Kwaku, A., & Ko, A. (2001). An empirical investigation of the effect of market orientation and entrepreneurship orientation alignment on product innovation. Organization Science, 12(1), 54-74. 22. Lomberg, C., Urbig, D., Stockmann, C., Marino, L. D., & Dickson, P. H. (2016). Entrepreneurial orientation: The dimensions’ shared effects in explaining firm performance. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 41(6) , 973-98. 23. Lumpkin, G.T., & Dess, G.G. (1996). Clarifying the entrepreneurial orientation construct and linking it to performance. Academy of Management Review, 21, 135-72. 24. Matsuno, K., Mentzer, J. T., & Ozsomer, A. (2002). The effects of entrepreneur-ship proclivity and market orientation on business performance. Journal of Marketing, 66(3), 18-33. 25. Miller, D. (1983). The correlates of entrepreneurship in three types of firms. Management Science, 29, 770−91. 26. Miller, D., & Friesen, P. H. (1982). Innovation in conservative and entrepreneur-ial firms: Two models of strategic momentum. Strategic Management Journal, 3, 1−25. 27. Moreno, A., & Casillas, J. (2008). Entrepreneurial orientation and growth of SMEs: A causal model. Entrepreneurship: Theory & Practice, 32, 507-28. 28. Morgan, R. E., & Strong, C. A. (2003). Business performance and dimensions of strategic orientation. Journal of Business Research, 56(3), 163−76. 29. Naman, J. L., & Slevin, D. P. (1993). Entrepreneurship and the concept of fit: A model and empirical tests. Strategic Management Journal, 14(2), 137–53. 30. Narver, J. C, & Slater, S. F. (1990). The effect of market orientation on business profitability. Journal of Marketing, 54, 20-35. 31. Nowruz Roodpashti, Z. (1393). The impact of market orientation and innova-tive capabilities on market performance. (Unpublished master's thesis). Guilan University, Guilan. (In Persian). 32. Nygaard, A., Haugland, S. A., & Myrtveit, I. (2007). Market orientation and performance in the service industry: A data envelopment analysis. Journal of Business Research, 60(11), 1191-7. 33. Rashidi M. (2011). Investigating the role of entrepreneurial orientation in or-ganizational performance management of Mellat Bank Branches in Tehran. (Unpublished master's thesis). University of Tehran, Tehran. (In Persian). 34. Rauch, A., Wiklund, J., Lumpkin, G. T., & Frese, M. (2009). Entrepreneurial ori-entation and business performance: An assessment of past research and sug-gestions for the future. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(3), 761-87. 35. Runyan, R., Droge, C., & Swinney, J. (2008). Entrepreneurial orientation versus small business orientation: what are their relationships to firm performance? Journal of Small Business Management, 46(4), 567–88. 36. Saxe, R., & Weitz, B. A. (1982). The SOCO scale: A measure of the customer orientation of salespeople. Journal of Marketing Research, 19, 343-51. 37. Siddiqi, M., & Sahaf, M. (2009). Customer orientation of service employees and organizational performance: Empirical evidence from Indian banking. Decision, 36(2), 34. 38. Siguaw, J. A., Simpson, P. M. & Baker, T. L. (1998). Effects of supplier market orientation on distributor market orientation and the channel relationship: the distributor perspective. Journal of Marketing, 62, 99-111. 39. Slater, S. F., & Narver, J. C. (1994). Does Competitive environment moderate the market orientation-performance relationship? Journal of Marketing, 58, 46-55. 40. Slater, S. F., & Narver, J. C. (2000). The Positive effect of a market orientation on business orofitability: A balanced replication. Journal of Business Research, 48(1), 69-73. 41. Slotwinski, D. L. (2010). Determining the statistical significance of environmen-tal uncertainty on the relationship among performance, entrepreneurial orienta-tion, and strategy for Washington state manufacturing firms. (doctoral disserta-tion), Capell University, Minneapolis. 42. Smart, D. T., & Conant, J. S. (1994). Entrepreneurial orientation, distinctive marketing competencies, and organizational performance. Journal of Applied Business Research, 10(3), 28−38. 43. Wiklund, J. (1999). The sustainability of the entrepreneurial orientation–performance relationship. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 24(1), 37−48. 44. Wiklund, J., & Shepherd, D. (2003). Knowledge-based resources, entrepreneuri-al orientation, and the performance of small and medium-sized businesses. Strategic Management Journal, 24, 1307−14. 45. Wiklund, J., & Shepherd, D. (2005). Entrepreneurial orientation and small busi-ness performance: A configurational approach. Journal of Business Venturing, 20, 71−91. 46. Yarammadi, J. (2015). Designing the model of effect of market orientation on the business performance of sporting firms in respect to the innovation culture. (Doctoral dissetrtation). Payame Noor University Center, Tehran. (In Persian). 47. Zahra, S. A. (1991). Predictors and financial outcomes of corporate entrepre-neurship: An explorative study. Journal of Business Venturing, 6, 259−85. 48. Zahra, S. A., & Covin, J. (1995). Contextual influences on the corporate en-trepreneurship–performance relationship: A longitudinal analysis. Journal of Business Venturing, 10, 43−58. 49. Zhang, J. (2010). Employee orientation and performance: an exploration of the mediating role of customer orientation. Journal of Business Ethics, 91, 111–21. | ||
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 3,476 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 598 |