مقایسه هوش هیجانی، خودکارآمدی و ابعاد چشماندازهای زمانی در ورزشکاران کشتیگیر نخبه و غیرنخبه
مطالعات روانشناسی ورزشی
دوره 13، شماره 48 ، تیر 1403، صفحه 55-74 اصل مقاله (879.91 K )
نوع مقاله: مطالعه پژوهشی اصیل
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22089/spsyj.2024.14287.2375
نویسندگان
شهرام نظرپوری* 1 ؛ محمد تقی اقدسی 2
1 پژوهشگر پسادکتری، پژوهشگاه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی و گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی دانشگاه لرستان، خرمآباد، ایران
2 گروه رفتار حرکتی و روانشناسی ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران
چکیده
هدف : با اینکه ورزشکاران از نظر سطح مهارت و آمادگی جسمانی به یکدیگر خیلی نزدیک شدهاند، اما همچنان در متغیرهای روانشناختی با یکدیگر متفاوتند. از این رو، هدف پژوهش حاضر مقایسه هوش هیجانی، خودکارآمدی و ابعاد چشماندازهای زمانی در بین ورزشکاران کشتیگیر نخبه و غیرنخبه بود.
مواد و روشه ا: راهبرد این پژوهش توصیفی و پسرویدادی است. جامعه آماری شامل کلیه ورزشکاران مرد نخبه و غیرنخبه ایرانی در رشته ورزشی کشتی بود که در نهایت 22 ورزشکار نخبه و 36 ورزشکار غیرنخبه به شیوه نمونهگیری هدفمند بهعنوان نمونه پژوهش انتخاب شدند. ابزار گردآوری دادهها شامل پرسشنامه هوش هیجانی برادبری (2005)، پرسشنامه خودکارآمدی عمومی شرر (1982) و پرسشنامه چشماندازهای زمانی زیمباردو (1999)، بود. تحلیل دادهها با استفاده از آزمون تحلیل واریانس چند متغیره و با بکارگیری نرم افزار SPSS نسخه 23، در سطح معنیداری 05/0 p< ، انجام شد.
یافتهها: نتایج نشان داده که بین کشتیگیران نخبه و غیر نخبه در متغیرهای هوش هیجانی، خودکارآمدی و ابعاد چشماندازههای زمانی تفاوت معنیداری وجود دارد. کشتیگیران نخبه از سطح هوش هیجانی و خودکارآمدی بالاتری نسبت به کشتیگیران غیرنخبه برخودار بودند. همچنین، به جز مؤلفه گذشته منفی که نمره کشتیگیران نخبه پایینتر از کشتیگیران غیرنخبه بود؛ در سایر مؤلفهها (حال تقدیرگرا، حال لذتگرا، گذشته مثبت، آینده و آینده متعالی)، نمره کشتیگیران نخبه بیشتر از کشتیگیران غیرنخبه بود.
نتیجهگیری: باتوجه به نتایج پژوهش حاضر، میتوان گفت متغیرهای هوش هیجانی، خودکارآمدی و چشماندازهای زمانی و اثرات آن بر عملکرد نخبگی ورزشکاران بایستی بیش از پیش مورد توجه کلیه ورزشکاران، والدین، مربیان و متخصصین ورزشی قرار گیرد.
کلیدواژهها
کلمات کلیدی: کشتیگیران نخبه ؛ هوشهیجانی ؛ خودکارآمدی ؛ چشماندازهای زمانی
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